PROFIT AND LOSS WITH BOOST EXPLANATION
Question 1A man purchases a certain no. of apple at 5 per rupee and same no. at 4 per rupee. He mixes them together and sells them at 4 per rupee. What is his gain or loss%?
ANSWER :
Gain or loss = [2*5*4/4(5+4) - 1] × 100 % = 11.11%
Sign is + ive so gain 11.11%
Question 2
A reduction of 10% in the price of salt enables a person to buy 2 kg more for Rs.180. Find the reduced and the original price per kg of salt respectively?
ANSWER :
Let originally he buy X kg for Rs. 180
Now, he will buy X+2 kg for Rs. 180.
Reduction in original price =10%
(180/X)/kg*90/100 = [180/(X+2)]/kg
90(X+2) = 100X
X = 18
Therefore, Originally he bought 18kg.
Original Price = Rs. 10/kg
Reduced Price = Rs. 9/kg
Question 3
Sunil calculates his profit percentage on the selling price whereas Sujeet calculates his profit on the cost price. They find that the difference of their profits is Rs. 900. If the selling price of both of them are the same, and Sunil gets 50% profit and Sujeet gets 40% profit, then find their selling price.
ANSWER :
Let SP be Rs. 100
CP for Sunil = => (SP-CP)*100/SP = 50
CP for Sunil ==> (100-CP)*100/100 = 50 or CP = Rs. 50
(Divided by SP as Profit calculated on SP)
Profit for Sunil = 100-50 = Rs 50
Now, CP for Sujeet = (SP-CP)*100/CP = 40
(100-CP)*100= 40CP or CP for Sujeet= Rs. 1000/14
Profit for Sujeet = 100-100/14 = 400/14
Now, Difference in profit when SP is 100 = 50-400/14 = 300/14.
Now, Equating difference and SP, we have
300/14 : 100 : : 900 : SP
SP = 900*100*14/300 = Rs. 4200
Question 4
A flat and a piece of land were bought by two friends Tarun and Varun respectively at prices of Rs. 2Lakh and Rs. 2.2 Lakh. The price of the flat rises by 20% every year and that of land by 10% every year. After two years, they decided to exchange their possessions. What is approx. percentage gain of the gainer?
ANSWER :
After 2 years :-
Flat would be worth = 2Lakh* 1.2*1.2 = Rs. 288000
Land would be worth= 2.2Lakh*1.1*1.1 = Rs. 266200
Profit of the Gainer = Rs. 21800
Profit % of the gainer = 21800*100/266200= 8.189(approx)
Also if loss% would have been asked of the loser
loss% = 21800*100/288000 = 7.56 (approx. )
Question 5
An orange vendor makes a profit of 20% by selling oranges at a certain price. If he charges Rs. 1.2 higher per orange he would gain 40%. Find the original price at which he sold an orange.
ANSWER :
Let the CP be Rs. x per orange
Profit = 20%
SP = Rs. 1.20x
Now, If case :-
SP =x+ Rs.1.2
Profit = 40%
Therefore, we can say
1.40x = x+1.2 or x = Rs. 3
Hence, Original SP = Rs 1.2x = Rs. 3.60/-
Question 6
After selling a watch, shyam found that he had made a loss of 10%. He also found that had he sold it for Rs.27 more, he would have made a profit of 5%. the actual initial loss was what percentage of the profit earned,had he sold the watch for a 5% profit?
ANSWER :
Profit= 5%
5% of CP ------> Rs. 27
So, CP = Rs. 540
Now, Loss% = 10
Loss =Rs. 54
Required % = 54*100/27 = 200%
The percentage profit earned by selling an article for Rs. 1920 is equal to the percentage loss incurred by selling the same article for Rs. 1280. At what price should the article be sold to make 25% profit?
ANSWER :
Let CP is x.
Then (1920-x)/x*100= (x-1280)/x*100
On solving x=1600
Selling Price = 1600*125/100= Rs. 2000
Question 8
Abhishek purchased 20 dozens of toys at the rate of Rs. 375 per dozen. He sold each one of them at the rate of Rs. 33. What was his percentage profit?
ANSWER :
Cost price of 1 Toy = 375/12= 31.25
Selling price of 1 toy = Rs.33
Profit= Rs (33-31.25) =1.75
Profit% = 1.75/31.25*100= 5.6
Question 9
Two mixers and one T.V. cost Rs. 7000, while two T.V.s and a mixer cost Rs, 9800. The value of one T.V. is?
ANSWER :
Let C.P. of a mixer be Rs. x and that of a T,V. be Rs. y.
Then, 2x + y = 7000 and 2y + x = 9800.
Multiplying 2nd equation by 2 and subtracting first from it, we get
3y = 19600 - 7000 = 12600 or y = 4200 C.P. of a T.V. = Rs. 4200
Question 10
A person bought 20 litres of milk at the rate of Rs 8 per litre. He got it churned after spending Rs 10 and got 5 kg of cream and 20 litres of toned milk. If he sold the cream at Rs. 30 per kg and toned milk at Rs 4 per litre, his profit in the transaction is??
ANSWER :
Investment Rs. (20*8 + 10) = Rs. 170.
Receipt = Rs. (30*5 + 20*4) = Rs. 230.
profit %=[(60/170) * 100] % = 35.29% = 35.3%.
Question 11
. Aadesh bought a combined total of 25 monitors and printers. He marked up the monitors by 20% on CP while each printer was marked up by Rs. 2000. He was able to sell 75% of the monitors and 2 printers and make a profit of Rs. 49,000. The remaining monitors and 3 printers could not be sold by him. Find his overall profit or loss if he gets no return on unsold items and it is known that a printer costs 50% of a monitor.
ANSWER :
Total Number of printers = 5 (2 sold , 3 unsold)
M>
Profit made on Printers sold = 2000*2 = 4000.
Monitors sold = 20*75% = 15
Profit made on Monitors sold = 49000-4000 = Rs.45000.
Profit made per m = 3000.
20% of CP of M>
CP of M>
CP of Printer = 7500
Total CP = 15000*20 + 7500*5 = 3,37,500
Total SP = 18000*15 + 9500*2 = 2,89,000
Loss = 48,500
Question 12
A rickshaw dealer buys 30 rickshaws for Rs.4725. Of these, 8 are four seaters and rest are two seaters. At what price must he sell the four seaters so that if he sells the two seaters at 3/4th of this price, he makes a profit of 40% on his outlay.
ANSWER :
Total investement = Rs. 4725
Total SP = 1.4*4725 = 6615
Now, Let the price of 4 seater be x then price of two seater will be .75x.
8x + 22*0.75x = 6615
24.5x= 6615 or x = 270
Question 13
Ritesh bought 25 washing machines and microwave ovens for Rs. 2,05,000. He sold 80% of the washing machines and 12 microwaves ovens for a profit of Rs 40,000. Each washing machine was marked up by 20% over cost and each microwave oven was sold at a profit of Rs. 2,000. The remaining washing machines and 3 microwave ovens could not be sold. What is Raghav’s overall profit/loss?
ANSWER :
Total number of Microwave ovens = 15 (12 sold +3 unsold)
Hence, Washing machines = 10
He sold 12 ovens and 8 washing machines
Hence, In total he sold 80% of both
Thus, He sells 80% of both at a profit of Rs. 40,000.
Cost of 80% of the goods = 0.8*2,05,000 = 1,64,000
Hence, Total SP = 1,64,000+40,000 = 2,04,000
CP = 2,05,000
Loss = Rs.1000
Question 14
Gopal purchased 35 kg of rice at the rate of Rs 9.50 per kg and 30 kg at the rate of Rs 10.50 per kg. He mixed the two. Approximately, at what price per kg should he sell the mixture to make 35 % profit in the transaction?.
ANSWER :
Cost Price of 65 kg rice = Rs. (35 x 9.50 + 30 x 10.50) = 647.50
Sell Price of 65 kg rice = 135 % of 647.50 = Rs (135/100) x 647.50
Sell Price per kg = (135/100) x 647.50 x (1/65) = 13.44=Rs. 13.50 (App.)
Question 15
Rahim buys mangoes at the rate of 3 kg for Rs 21 and sells them at 5 kg for Rs 50. To earn Rs 102 as profit, he must sell?
ANSWER :
rate of buying = 7; rate of selling = 10 to gain 3 Rs he must buy 1 kg
for 102 profit he must buy = (102/3) = 34
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